![]() In August, demonstrations in the range of a few to ten thousand protesters took place, sparked by a garbage-collection crisis at the central part of the capital Beirut. There is no prospect of an election, either. The tenure of the incumbent parliament members was again extended to June 2017 as well. Due to the confrontation between each sect and political force, no successor to President Michel Suleiman, whose term of office ended in May 2014, has been elected yet (as of December 2015). Lebanon is a mosaic nation consisting of 18 religions and religious sects, including Christianity and Islam. In 2015, Japan provided a “Fiscal and Public Service Reform Development Policy Loan” (24 billion yen) in loans, as well as non-project grant aid (two billion yen). The Government of Japan has been providing assistance for the stability of Jordan through support for refugees and host communities, as well as for developing the industrial base. Japan also attaches importance to Jordan, which serves as a cornerstone for the stability of the region. At each meeting, the leaders shared the view of cooperating for further development of the bilateral relations and stabilization of the Middle East region. Traditionally friendly bilateral relations have deepened even further. Prime Minister Abe visited Jordan in January 2015, and had talks during a working lunch at the Asia-Africa Conference (in Jakarta, Indonesia) in April and the UN General Assembly (in New York, U.S.) in September. The country’s role is highly appreciated by the international community. Jordan has played an important role in the peace and stability of the region, such as with countermeasures against extremists, its acceptance of a number of Syrian refugees, and active involvement in the Middle East peace process. The situation in Jordan is stable in the constantly turbulent Middle East region. On the summit-level, President Erdogan visited Japan as a guest on Official Working Visits in October, and Prime Minister Abe visited Istanbul in November and attended the G20 Antalya summit, confirming the high trust between the two leaders. Commemorating these events, many mutual visits and anniversary programs were organized. The year also marked the 30 th anniversary since Japanese hostages in Teheran were rescued. In respect of the relationship with Japan, the year 2015 marked the 125 th anniversary of the Ertugrul Frigate Disaster, which is believed to be a keystone of Japanese-Turkish friendship. Japan-Turkey Summit Meeting (October 8,Tokyo Photo: Cabinet Public Relations Office) After the downing of a Russian fighter jet in November 2015, tension with Russia has been increasing. Turkey faces many problems, including the fight against ISIL and terrorists, accepting more than two million Syrian refugees as the largest host country in the world. On the other hand, in recent years, the relations between Turkey and Syria, particularly under the Assad Administration, have deteriorated. The AKP administration proactively promotes multiple diplomacies with states covering Asia and Africa including its efforts to stabilize the neighboring region and strengthen the relationship. in its diplomacy, including efforts to join EU. ![]() The re-election took place in November, where AKP again obtained 317 seats, more than the majority, and a new administration headed by Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu started.Īs a member state of NATO, the Government of Turkey basically attaches importance to Europe and U.S. The discussion between the ruling and opposition parties for a coalition administration did not reach an agreement, and President Recep Erdogan decided to hold a re-election. In the elections held in June, the Turkey’s ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) failed to obtain the majority of seats for the first time since 2002 when the party took over the reign of government. The country assumed the chairmanship of G20 in December 2014, and its presence in the international community has been increasing. Turkey is a large and geopolitically important country located at the crossroads to Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and Caucasia. 6.Countries in the Middle East and North Africa (1) Turkey
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